Visual journalism- The characteristics Television and Radio journalism

 http://niilmuniversity.in/coursepack/media/Advanced_TV_Journalism.pdf

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The work of journalists dealing with television and radio is fundamentally similar to the work of press journalists. The same principles and values of news production and conveying information are still valid.

Visual journalism is the combination of text, images and layout. Visual journalism is a much wider concept than photojournalism. It is essentially creating the overall visual appearance of a newspaper, magazine, TV-channel or so on. The visual appearance of a media channel, newspaper or magazine is created with typography, photographs, videos, illustrations, cartoons, maps, infographics and other graphical solutions.

One is that a good radio journalist is required to know recording and publication technology and needs to have clear vocal expression. A television journalist is also required to have a pleasing outward appearance.

In television work, the news value is determined by the visual aspect of the topic in addition to the news criteria related to press work. A common objective is that some footage from the location itself or some relevant illustrative footage is available, but often programmes have to resort to so-called talking heads or pundits.

Tips for addressing audiences verbally on TV or radio

• Voice and image:
  Support the story without adding ambiguity.
• Text reading and pronunciation:
  Clear and organised.
• Vocabulary and grammatical rules:
  Simple, correct and to-the-point.
• The speed of reporting:
  Slow enough that the viewer can follow the news and understand it the first time.
• Sound vibrations:
  Compatible with the content and meaningful. For example, a funeral cannot be a subject for any sarcastic tone.

 Here are some useful tips for beginning TV journalists who are heading for a field coverage.

• Before going into the field for live coverage, prepare some background information and go through the objectives with the anchor and photographer.
• When coverage goes on air, any new information should first be provided in brief then elaborated on and explained, if time allows. It is a good idea, for example, to provide a summary of all information that has been previously gathered.
• If a critical moment in the event appears, pause in talking and let the actions speak for themselves.
• Getting extremely close to the location of the event will not bring any special acclaim. The reporter is there as a transmitter of facts and not a TV star or a war hero. For the reliability of reporting, it is sufficient to know that a journalist is present at the location of the incident. Always remember that the security and safety of the work team comes first.
• At the scene, the same information is available to many people at the same time. A reporter can try to distinguish themselves from others by their choice of expressions and points of view.
• Not all confrontations are violent and not all rallies are massive, so things should be conveyed with reference to their actual magnitude. Avoid blowing things out of proportion.
• Reporting is teamwork. The praise and fame for successful reporting are not for the reporter only. A fair reporter gives credit to the whole team
  

 

News is what people want to hear or need to know.  But it is difficult to define largely because stories can be presented in a variety of ways.  News can inform, educate or even entertain. Hard news deals with serious topics and events.  So, it must be accurate, truthful and fair. 

 The characteristics of TV and radio journalism 

The same principles of journalism are relevant no matter what news channel a journalist works for, but there are differences. One is that a good radio journalist is required to know recording and publication technology and needs to have clear vocal expression. A television journalist is also required to have a pleasing outward appearance. In television work, the news value is determined by the visual aspect of the topic in addition to the news criteria related to press work. 

A common objective is that some footage from the location itself or some relevant illustrative footage is available, but often programmes have to resort to so-called talking heads or pundits. However, there is no need to have footage on everything and everybody you talk of. The reporter may handle abstract topics by showing images of activities related to the topic while they narrate the information. Nevertheless, the tone of images and the language used should also be compatible with the topic, and the images must be carefully selected. 

Tips for a TV reporter working in the field 

• ƒ Before going into the field for live coverage, prepare some background information and go through the objectives with the anchor and photographer. 
• ƒ When coverage goes on air, any new information should first be provided in brief then elaborated on and explained, if time allows. It is a good idea, for example, to provide a summary of all information that has been previously gathered. 
• ƒ If a critical moment in the event appears, pause in talking and let the actions speak for themselves.
•  ƒ Getting extremely close to the location of the event will not bring any special acclaim. The reporter is there as a transmitter of facts and not a TV star or a war hero. For the reliability of reporting, it is sufficient to know that a journalist is present at the location of the incident. Always remember that the security and safety of the work team comes first.
•  ƒ At the scene, the same information is available to many people at the same time. A reporter can try to distinguish themselves from others by their choice of expressions and points of view. 
• ƒ Not all confrontations are violent and not all rallies are massive, so things should be conveyed with reference to their actual magnitude. Avoid blowing things out of proportion. ƒ Reporting is teamwork. The praise and fame for successful reporting are not for the reporter only. A fair reporter gives credit to the whole team.

News values are the elements of story that journalists have used for decades to quickly assess and determine whether an idea or event is worth sharing — and if so, how prominently.

Twelve Factors in Newsworthiness As the TV news business continues to grow, so does demand for better journalists.  Those involved in broadcast news must understand 12 factors that constitute news value, or newsworthiness. ¤ Timeliness ¤ proximity ¤ exceptional quality ¤ possible future impact ¤ prominence ¤ conflict ¤ the number of people involved or affected ¤ consequence ¤ human interest ¤ pathos ¤ shock value ¤ titillation component