Socrates

"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." 

Socrates

"To find yourself, think for yourself."

Nelson Mandela

"Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world."

Jim Rohn

"Success is nothing more than a few simple disciplines, practiced every day." 

Buddha

"The mind is everything. What you think, you become." 

Showing posts with label Media culture &society. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Media culture &society. Show all posts

Sunday, 31 May 2020

Culture and Society

The word "culture" derives from a French term, which in turn derives from the Latin "colere," . It means to tend to the earth and grow, or cultivation and nurture. "It shares its etymology with a number of other words related to actively fostering growth,".
Culture is the characteristics and knowledge of a particular group of people, encompassing language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts.
Culture consists of the beliefs, behaviors, objects, and other characteristics common to the members of a particular group or society.  
Thus, culture includes many societal aspects: language, customs, values, norms, mores, rules, tools, technologies, products, organizations, and institutions. 

Common institutions

Common institutions are the family, education, religion, work, and health care. This latter term institution refers to clusters of rules and cultural meanings associated with specific social activities.


sociologists define culture as  high culture, low culture, and popular culture.

 High culture—Members of the upper class can pursue high art because they have cultural capital, which means the professional credentials, education, knowledge, and verbal and social skills necessary to attain the “property, power, and prestige” to “get ahead” socially. 

Low culture, or popular culture—generally pursued by the working and middle classes—refers to sports, movies, television sitcoms and soaps, and rock music. 




Again culture of people  classified by the geographical diversity
Western culture
Eastern culture
Latin culture


1.Western culture

 The term "Western culture" has come to define the culture of European countries as well as those that have been heavily influenced by European immigration, such as the United States, according to Khan University. Western culture has its roots in the Classical Period of the Greco-Roman era and the rise of Christianity in the 14th century.


2.  Eastern culture

 Eastern culture generally refers to the societal norms of countries in Far East Asia (including China, Japan, Vietnam, North Korea and South Korea) and the Indian subcontinent. 


3. Latin culture

Many of the Spanish-speaking nations are considered part of the Latin culture. Latin America is typically defined as those parts of the Central America, South America and Mexico where Spanish or Portuguese are the dominant languages. Originally, the term "Latin America" was used by French geographers to differentiate between Anglo and Romance (Latin-based) languages, according to the University of Texas. While Spain and Portugal are on the European continent, they are considered the key influencers of what is known as Latin culture, which denotes people using languages derived from Latin, also known as Romance languages.


4. Middle Eastern culture 

The countries of the Middle East have some but not all things in common. This area consists of approximately 20 countries, according to PBS. The Arabic language is one thing that is common throughout the region; however, the wide variety of dialect can sometimes make communication difficult. Religion is another cultural area that the countries of the Middle East have in common. The Middle East is the birthplace of Judaism, Christianity and Islam.


5. African culture

The continent of Africa is essential to all cultures. Human life originated on this continent and began to migrate to other areas of the world around 60,000 yearsAfrica is home to a number of tribes, ethnic and social groups. One of the key features of this culture is the large number of ethnic groups throughout the 54 countries on the continent. Nigeria alone has more than 300 tribes, for example. Currently, Africa is divided into two cultural groups: North Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa.


Culture and society 
Culture and society are intricately related. Sociologists define society as the people who interact in such a way as to share a common culture. 

A culture consists of the “objects” of a society, whereas a society consists of the people who share a common culture. 

The term society can also have a geographic meaning and refer to people who share a common culture in a particular location. For example, people living in Tamilnadu developed different cultures from those living in Jammu Kashmir cultures. 

In time, a large variety of human cultures arose around the world.
The cultural bond may be ethnic or racial, based on gender, or due to shared beliefs, values, and activities. 

Cultural changes by information technology

Anthropology has the instruments to analyse cultural changes and to understand the current process of globalisation and the effects created by information technology on different societies.


Important feature of anthropological theory on Culture

  • Technology  enables us to define culture as a set of communicative acts. Communication is what allows groups and individuals to represent themselves and interact with the world through norms and values.
  • Technology is not only the machine itself but is the whole set of relationships between human beings, utensils and fields of knowledge.
  • The role of technology in a society shows the indissolubility of the relationships that bind technology, society and the individual as shown by this analysis which identifies the numerous cultural changes caused by the use of information technology (IT). 
  • New technologies modify space, time, relationships and types of communication that still continue to co-exist with the other fields of knowledge inherent in a culture. 
  • The different pace of development of different societies in the world has been overwhelmed by this innovation, which has caught everyone unaware. 
  • There is a gap between the speed at which digital technology is developing and the slow pace at which cultural models and their inherent values are changing. 

Cyberspace and cyber culture.

Lévy uses the word cyber culture to mean the set of material and intellectual techniques, practices, attitudes, ways of thinking and values that are expressed and developed in cyberspace. Cyber culture is an enormous problem seeking solutions to constantly changing situations caused by technical developments and collective reactions. 




































Monday, 23 March 2015

Visual communication is communication through a visual aid and is described as the conveyance of ideas and information in forms that can be read or looked upon. Visual communication  relies on vision,The expression of ideas and information using visual forms or aids.  Visual communication involves the use of visual elements, such as drawings, illustrations and electronic images, to convey ideas and information to an audience. It has a greater power to inform, educate, or persuade a person or audience.   Visual communication is everywhere today, from electronic media like Web pages and television screens to environmental contexts such as road signs and retail displays.   Body language including gestures are part of such communication. Visual communications is a multidisciplinary field that combines traditional art with contemporary software applications to create images intended to convey a message.


Human communication has existed for about 30,000 years. In the beginning of recorded history, the vast majority  
communication was not text based. Textual communication has been with us  for only 3,700 years. With the invention of tools like Gutenberg's movable type printing press in 1450,leads to  text as center stage and that period graphics were too costly to include .    The culture itself moves from textual to visual literacy. 

1)Cognitively: Graphics expedite and increase our level of communication. They increase comprehension, recollection, and retention. Visual clues help us decode text and attract attention to information or direct attention increasing the likelihood that the audience will remember.
2) Emotionally: Pictures enhance or affect emotions and attitudes.  Graphics engage our imagination and heighten our creative thinking by stimulating other areas of our brain which in turn leads to a more profound and accurate understanding of the presented material. The emotions influence decision-making: "(Emotions) play an essential role in decision making, perception, learning, and more ... they influence the very mechanisms of rational thinking."

Visual aids media

·         Chalkboard or whiteboard: Chalkboards and whiteboards are very useful visual aids, particularly when more advanced types of media are unavailable. They are cheap and also allow for much flexibility.
·          Poster board: A poster is a very simple and easy visual aid. Posters can display charts, graphs, pictures, or illustrations. The biggest drawback of using a poster as a visual aid is that often a poster can appear unprofessional. Since a poster board paper is relatively flimsy, often the paper will bend or fall over. The best way to present a poster is to hang it up or tape it to a wall.
·          
·         Handouts:Handouts can also display charts, graphs, pictures, or illustrations. An important aspect of the use of a handout is that a person can keep a handout with them long after the presentation is over. This can help the person better remember what was discussed. Passing out handouts, however, can be extremely distracting
·         Video : A video can be a great visual aid and attention grabber, however, a video is not a replacement for an actual speech. interesting
·         Projection equipment: There are several types of projectors. These include slide projectors, PowerPoint presentations, overhead projectors, and computer projectors.

Computer-assisted presentations:PowerPoint presentations can be an extremely useful visual aid, especially for longer presentations. For five to ten minute presentations, it is probably not worth the time or effort to put together a PowerPoint. 

Sunday, 22 March 2015

Media Culture and Society-Revision

1.     The head quarter of press information bureau in located at
a)     Mumbai
b)    New Delhi
c)     Bangaluru
d)    Chennai
2.     Which country publishes maximum number of dailies in the world
a)     Japan
b)    USA
c)     India
d)    UK
3.     SS Vasan of Tamilnadu started a periodical in 192 was
a)     Ananda Vikadan
b)    Anand Sahitya
c)     Ananda Murti
d)    Ananda Bazar Patrika
4.     SITE is experiment on
a)     Communication
b)    Environment
c)     Agriculture
d)    Rural development
5.     S. Kasturiranga Iyengar a lawyer become the editor of ….
a)     The Hindu
b)    Dinamalar
c)     Dinamani
d)    Thanthi
6.     The first multilingual TV network of India was
a)     Jain
b)    Zee
c)     Geminy
d)    Surya
7.     ESPN is a channel owned by
a)     Star Group
b)    CNN Group
c)     Zee
8.     When was the first Television transmission introduced in India?
a)     September , 1959 in Delhi,
b)    January 1963 Delhi
c)     November  1958 Mumbai
d)    August 1949 Kolkata

9.     When was colour TV transmission started in India
a)     1982
b)    1980
c)     1986
d)    1979
10.                        Advertising agencies Association of India was established in
a)     1945
b)    1942
c)     1950
d)    1990
11.                        the knowledge skills and competencies that are required in order to use and interpret the media.
a)     Media literacy 
b)    Media communication
c)     Media Mobilization
d)    Information load
12.                        British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) began the first television service of the world in
a)     1936
b)    1945
c)     1885
d)    1990
13.                        The households (out of total 223 million) in India who own a television…………..is.
a)     138 million
b)    100 milion
c)      22 million
d)    200 million
 The process of  combining the functions of two or three devices into one mechanism.called as
a)     Device Convergence,
b)    Operational Convergence 
c)     Corporate Convergence
14.                        Agenda setting  effects are founded by ………….. in the 1970s. 
a)     Maxwell McCombs and Donald Shaw
b)    Lasswell
c)     Marshall
d)    Mc Quail

15.                        ………………..means division of society into different strata or layers.
a)     Social stratification
b)    Cultural diffusion
c)     Cultural diversity
d)     

2 Mark questions

1.     What is facing ‘3 R’ challenges faced by Doordarshan ?
2.     What are the types of  Surveillance ?
3.     Definition of society.
4.     What you mean by Socialization?
5.     Define Mass Media.
6.     Write short notes on Cultural Diffusion

7.     Differentiate high culture and low culture.

8.     What it mean Disintermediation?
9.     What you mean by Media Framing? 
10.      What is mean by Convergence?
11.      What is the meaning of Counter framing?
12.      Define Agenda Setting
13.      Who is A “gate keeper” in a media firm?

14.      What is the Meaning of Culture?

15.      Write about Social stratification.

16.      What is the need of media education?
17.      There are three different forms of cultural diffusion.
18.      Define Urban society.
19.      Web.2.0
20.      What you mean by media saturation?
21.      What is information management?
22.      What you mean by Visual communication?
23.      What it mean media Oligoply? 
24.      Meaning of  Media Conglomerate.
25.      What is the Stereotypes effects of media?
26.      What is the effects of Evil of “paid news”?
27.      What you mean by MIS?

 6       marks questions


1.     Major Features of Rural Society
2.     What is the difference between unban and rural society?
3.     What is the  power of the media?
4.     What is the  types of Media effects?
5.     What are the way Media control possible?
6.     What are TV comedy formats?
7.     What is ‘uses and gratifications’? How we can  classified  into a four-category?
8.     ‘Media as a conscious industry’. Explain
9.     How not to study media?
10.            What is the difference between Framing and the agenda setting
11.            What you mean by media Framing? Write the types of framing?
12.            What is the techniques of media framing?
13.            What is the Characteristics of Culture?
14.            What is the Characteristics of  Social stratification ?
15.            What is the Characteristics of the Family
16.            What is the importance of media education in a democratic country?
17.            What are the Media effects?
18.            What the critical issues in Advertising?
19.            Why people use the media?
20.            What is the importance of Visual Communication?
21.            How media controlled by state law?
22.            What is the economy of motion picture industry?
23.            What you mean by agenda setting? How it differ from framing of media?
24.            Who owns the mass media in India?
25.            What is the Indian Media market features?
26.            What is the role of the media in socialization?
27.            How media Shape the Attitudes, Perceptions, and Beliefs of a society?
28.                  ‘The Media as a Primary Source of Information’. Justify.
28.      How news media outlets frame stories.
29.      What is the need of media literacy?
30.      What you mean by Convergence? What are the types of convergence in media?
31.      What is the principles of information management?
32.      What is the duties of Information system professionals?
33.      Who are media determinants?
34.      What is the uses of cell phone? What are the characterstics?



Essay Questions

29.            What is the Major Programming Trends of Indian Television?
30.            What is the function of media?
31.            Culture is a Learned Behaviour:How?
32.            How People Use the Mass Media?
33.            Write in detail about the Indian media owners as poitical party.
34.            What is the economy of motion picture?
35.            What are the forms of diversity in india?
36.            Explain in detail Media ownership trends in India?
37.            Characteristics of Traditional Mass Media Organization:
38.            What is the Modern Mass Media Emerging Trends?
39.            What are the types of Social Stratification?
40.            What you mean by Social stratification ? Write in detail according to class stratification?
41.            What are the factors influenced the media? 
42.            What is the institutional structure of motion picture industry?
43.            What are the Characteristics of Traditional Mass Media Organization?
44.            What is the function of media on society?
45.            What  you mean by audience  What are the types of audience?
46.            What are the  salient aspects about media ownership ?