Camera shots!
““I cannot teach anybody anything. I can only make them think” ― Socrates
Three basic
components of film:
A pan shot or panning shot is
when you turn the camera on a fixed head. It is a technique where you
follow a moving subject, and you can shoot this with a slower shutter speed to
create a feeling of speed or action.
Tilt is Moving the cameras lens
up or down while keeping its horizontal axis constant. A tilt shot is
shot that uses a cinematographic technique called tilting in which the camera
says fixed but rotates up and down on a vertical plane. Tilting is
similar to the motion of an individual raising or lowering their heads.
To
move the camera vertically upward or downward, filmmakers turn to the boom shot. Boom shots are achieved by
using boom crane camera movements, pedestal camera movement, and jibs.
The name comes from the old”
dolly tracks” that used to be laid down for the heavy camera to move along
- very much like railroad tracks. The phrase dolly-in means step towards the
subject with the camera, while dolly-out means to step backwards with the
camera, keeping the zoom the same.
A zoom
shot is when the focal length of a camera lens is adjusted to give the
illusion of moving closer or further away from the subject. Zoom shots are done
with a zoom lens, which have variable focal lengths. The most typical
camera zoom types are the "zoom in" and "zoom out," but it
can also be combined with a dolly shot to create a "dolly
zoom."
The
dolly zoom is one of the most discussed cinematic techniques. This shot is
commonly referred to as a vertigo shot, or vertigo
effect . A dolly zoom is an in-camera effect. A
dolly zoom is achieved by dollying the camera away from or toward a subject
while simultaneously zooming in the other direction.
Trucking is a type of tracking
shot in which the entire camera moves left or right along a track.
The
arc shot orbits the camera around a subject in an arc pattern.
Sometimes, camera movements are not motivated by character
actions, but rather audience experience. Filmmakers often add random movement
to a shot via camera shake through a hand held shot to
heighten the intensity of a scene.
A pedestal shot is a vertical camera movement
in which the entire camera raises or lowers in relation to the subject. A pedestal
shot differs from a camera tilt because the entire camera moves up or down
rather than just pivoting from a fixed point.
PAN SHOTS ARE OFTEN USED TO:
2. This
can be used to establish a scene.
3. Panning
has a ability to be used for a wide range of situations and scenarios, it’s an
important move
4. It
can give a better idea of the scene’s setting
5. Enable
to set a specific tone or explore unusual surroundings.
6. Panning
can be used to switch from one subject’s view to another’s.
7. Transition
between scenes: This is often used to indicate a jump through time and/or
space
8. Pan
shots are sometimes used to change around a scene’s orientation.
9. Panning
is a great way to communicate movement or to give a static scene some energy
10.
By using pan shots during a back-and-forth interaction to create
tension or, more commonly, humor.
TYPES OF PAN SHOTS IN FILM
Depending on the scene and needs, we can choose between a few different
types of pan shots:
· Aerial pan shots: Filmmakers often attach cameras to
drones and fly them over cityscapes, landscapes, or other large areas. While
attached to the drone, the operator can pan the camera left or right to capture
the shot.
· Whip pans: Often referred to as a whip shot or a
swish pan, a whip pan is a pan so quickly that it results in blurred
imagery. As a result, it can leave the audience feeling temporarily
disoriented. To create a whip shot, you can use a handheld, gimbal, dolly, or a
tripod.
The steps to start panning:
1. It
is possible to pan with a handheld camera, but using a tripod offers more
stability for the shot.
2. The
frames in pan shots choose wisely.
3. Swivel the
camera. Make sure that the tripod works without sticking or jerking and
that you maintain a consistent movement and speed throughout the pan.
5. Before
begin filming, rehearse the movements a few times to make sure there is nothing
blocking or shaking the shot.
6. Get several
takes. Make sure to get a few safeties takes before wrapping up when
before unexpected interruptions happen.
1. Tilting
is a little less common than panning but they are used fairly regularly for
creative and practical purposes.
2. In
an establishing shot — brings us to into a location
3. Downward
tilts observe action over a large are
4. Upward
tilts can create psychological impression of inferiority or
weakness in a character
To move the camera vertically
upward or downward, filmmakers turn to the boom shot.
1.
Boom shots are achieved by using boom crane camera movements,
pedestal camera movement, and jibs.
2.
These shots are known as establishing shots. They can be
small boom movements typically used for reveals and characters.
3.
Filmmakers use large boom movements to show off the setting of a
scene. These shots are known as establishing shots.
The phrase dolly-in means step
towards the subject with the camera, while dolly-out means to step backwards
with the camera, keeping the zoom the same.
A zoom shot is when the focal length
of a camera lens is adjusted to give the illusion of moving closer or further
away from the subject. Zoom shots are done with a zoom lens, which have
variable focal lengths. The most typical camera zoom types are the "zoom
in" and "zoom out," but it can also be combined with a dolly
shot to create a "dolly zoom."
WHY USE A ZOOM SHOT?
1. To draw attention to a specific detail in the
shot
2. to give a character power
3. To emphasize a comedic or dramatic moment
A dolly zoom is an in-camera effect. A dolly zoom
is achieved by dollying the camera away from or toward a subject while
simultaneously zooming in the other direction.
1.
this shot creates a sense of unease in the viewer, simulates a
spatial(3 dimentional) warp, and
2.
can either shrink or extend distances based on the choice of
direction.
3.
The dolly zoom can draw the audience into the story.
4.
It is commonly used to capture the internal conflict of a
character,
5.
Used to capture the internal conflict of a character and the
character’s state of mind.
6.
the dolly zoom can also establish a relationship between two
characters.
A camera operator can do two types of pedestals: pedestal up means
"move the camera up; "pedestal down means "move the camera
down."
1.
filmmakers use it to disorient the audience or
create uneasiness.
2.
Its specific effect makes it a very
intentional camera movement
3.
be used
when wanting to elicit a discomfort in the audience.
4.
Sometimes these effects tie in to a
film’s theme.
TRACKING
SHOT- Truck camera movement
1.
For complex shot movements
that move the camera in all directions
The arc shot orbits the camera
around a subject in an arc pattern. Arc shots are typically used to add energy
to a shot in which characters have minimal actions.
RANDOM MOVEMENT Random Movement
1.
camera movements are not motivated by audience experience.
2.
movement to a shot via camera shake through a handheld
shot to heighten the intensity of a scene.
What is the Internet?
The
Internet was first invented for only military and government uses. But now, it
is found in every house across the world. The Internet is a short form for an
interconnected network. It has become a vital part of our lives, helping us
connect with people worldwide. The Internet is made of a large number of
independently operated networks.
A
server is a particular computer that is connected directly to the Internet..
Every server has a unique protocol address or an IP address. IP addresses are
essential for computers to find each other.
A short
note of the history of the Internet will help you understand when, where, and
how the Internet was developed.
The Internet was developed by Bob
Kahn and Vint Cerf in the 1970s.
It was the result of another research experiment which was called ARPANET, which stands for Advanced Research Projects Agency Network.
This
was initially supposed to be a communications system for the Defense Team of
the United States of America - a network that would also survive a nuclear
attack.
It eventually became a successful nationwide experimental packet network which is called WWW.It is believed that on 6 August 1991, when the World Wide Web opened to the public.
When
you open a webpage on your computer, you connect to the webpage, and then you
can access it.
Computers break the information into smaller
pieces called packets, which are reassembled in their original order. If
we put the right address on a packet and send it to any computer which is
connected as part of the internet so that it would get to its destination. Without
confusion even with unique addresses transfer of messages by setup a router ,
it is called as Packet Routing Network, and hence is required to set up.
The
below are the steps for how the message are transferred. This might give a
basic idea of how the internet works.
3. These small pieces- packets are transferred concerning Transfer Protocol so that the quality is maintained.
4. Finally, these small pieces- packets reach Computer2 and are reassembled at their IP address.
Tim
Berners-Lee was the man, who led the development of the World Wide Web, the
defining of HTTP
(HyperText Transfer Protocol), HTML (hypertext markup language) used to create web pages, and
URLs (Universal Resource Locators). The development of WWW, HTTP, HTML and URLs
took place between 1989 and 1991.
Tim Berners-Lee was born in London and he
graduated in Physics from Oxford University in 1976. Currently, Tim Berners-Lee
is the Director of the World Wide Web Consortium, the group that sets technical
standards for the web.
Vinton Cerf is also named as an internet daddy other than Tim Berners-Lee. After being out for 10 years from high school, he began co-designing and co-developing the protocols and structure of what became the internet.
In
1945, Vannevar Bush first
introduced the basics of hypertext. In 1990, Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web, HTML
(hypertext markup language), HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) and URLs
(Universal Resource Locators.
Although
the Internet was developed much earlier, it only became popular in households
in the 1990s.
Today,
440 million computers can be connected directly, making life easier for people
across the globe. Sharing information and knowledge has become extremely easy
for those that have access to the Internet. The country with the highest number
of internet users is China, with 1.4 billion users, followed by India with 1.3
billion and the United States of America with a little over 0.3 billion users.
There
are different computer network types, depending on how large they are and how
much geographical area they cover. The most common types are Local
Area Network (LAN) and Wireless Local Area Network (WAN).
Local
Area Network:
This is
a group of devices such as computers, servers, switches, and printers that are
located in the same building. These are near each other. The most common use of
LAN is in houses or offices.
A
common type of LAN is an Ethernet LAN, where two or more computers are
connected to the Internet through switches.
Wireless
Local Area Network:
This is
a local area network that uses wireless communication instead of wired
communication. In WAN, two computers use wireless communication to form a local
area network. A wifi router is very common in this case. There are no cables
involved in this case.
The internet has become a
popular name since the introduction of its easy installation and setup. The
following are the advantages of the internet.
· It is a great medium of sharing
·
With the internet, banking has now become easier.
·
E-commerce websites are one of the great advantages of the
internet. One can buy groceries, clothes, household items, and much more with
the internet.
·
The Internet is also a great source of entertainment. One can
watch videos and movies, listen to music, and play games, without any hassle.
·
Social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter have
brought the world closer.
·
The education system has also transformed. With the internet, any
student across the world can attend online classes.