Script Layout Formats

 

Basic Script Layout Formats

 There is not one standard script layout. Script layout styles can vary widely. Some prefer a single-column cinematic format, with transitions in a left margin, and all video and audio information in a single main column.

 Other versions use two vertical columns, with picture treatment (cameras, switching) on the left, and action and dialogue on the right, together with studio instructions and lighting/effects cues.

Single-Column Format

 Although there are different variations of the single-column format, all video and audio information are usually contained in a single main column. Before each scene, an explanatory introduction describes the location and the action. Reminder notes can be made in a wide left-hand margin, including transition symbols (for example, X = cut; FU = fade-up), cues, camera instructions, thumbnail sketches of shots or action, and so on. 

This type of script is widely used for narrative film-style production and single-camera video, in which the director works alongside the camera operator. 

Two-Column Format

This traditional television format is extremely flexible and informative. It gives all members of the production crew shot-by-shot details of what is going on. They can also add their own specific information (e.g., details of lighting changes) as needed Two versions of the script are sometimes prepared. In the first (rehearsal script), the right column only is printed.

 

Planning is an essential part of a serious production, and the script forms the basis for that plan. The script usually begins the production process.

 The Dramatic Script

 The dramatic full script may be prepared in two stages: the rehearsal script and the camera script. The rehearsal script usually begins with general information sheets, including a cast/character list, production team details, rehearsal arrangements, and similar details. There may be a synopsis of the plot or storyline, particularly when scenes are to be shot/recorded out of order. The rehearsal script generally includes the following types of details: 

• Location: the setting where the scene will be shot. 

• Time of day and weather conditions.

 • Stage or location instructions: (The room is candlelit and a log fire burns brightly.)

 • Action: basic information on what is going to happen in the scene, such as actors’ moves (Joe gets in the car). 

• Dialogue: speaker’s name (character) followed by his or her dialogue. All delivered speech, voice-over, voice inserts (e.g., phone conversation), commentary, announcements, and so on (perhaps with directional comments such as “sadly” or “sarcastically”) (Figure 5.2). 

• Effects cues:

The Dramatic Script The dramatic full script may be prepared in two stages: the rehearsal script and the camera script. The rehearsal script usually begins with general information sheets, including a cast/character list, production team details, rehearsal arrangements, and similar details. There may be a synopsis of the plot or storyline, particularly when scenes are to be shot/recorded out of order. The rehearsal script generally includes the following types of details:

 • Location: the setting where the scene will be shot.

 • Time of day and weather conditions.

 • Stage or location instructions: (The room is candlelit and a log fire burns brightly.) 

• Action: basic information on what is going to happen in the scene, such as actors’ moves (Joe gets in the car). 

• Dialogue: speaker’s name (character) followed by his or her dialogue. All delivered speech, voice-over, voice inserts (e.g., phone conversation), commentary, announcements, and so on (perhaps with directional comments such as “sadly” or “sarcastically”) (Figure 5.2). 

• Effects cues: indicating the moment for a change to take place (lightning flash, explosion, Joe switches light out).

 • Audio instructions: music and sound effects.

 Scriptwriting Basics A successful script satisfies two important requirements: 

• The program’s main purpose: to amuse, inform, intrigue, persuade, and so on.

 • It must be practical. The script must be a workable vehicle for the production crew. Fundamentally, we need to ensure that:

 • The script meets its deadline. When is the script required? Is it for a specific occasion? • The treatment is feasible for the budget, facilities, and time available. An overambitious script will necessarily have to be rearranged, edited, and have its scenes rewritten to provide a workable basis for the production.

 • The treatment usually must fit the anticipated program length. Otherwise, it will become necessary to cut sequences or pad the production with added scenes afterwards to fit the show to the allotted time slot.

 • The style and the form of presentation are appropriate for the subject. An unsuitable style, such as a lighthearted approach to a very serious subject, may trivialize the subject. • The subject treatment is suitable for the intended audience.