Journalism and Communication.

The "hypodermic needle theory" implied mass media had a  direct, immediate  and powerful effect on its audiences. The Hypoder...

Katz and Lazarfeld’s Model   1944 -55 It is otherwise  called as Two step flow theory Effects theory  And Limited effects t...

OSGOOD- SCHRAMM Circular MODEL OF COMMUNICATION-1955     or  The process and effects of communication-1955 Wilbur Schramm...

Shannon and Weaver - 1949    The academic field of mass communication were heavily influenced by  the engineering/mathematical  mod...

Communication as a Dominant Paradigm -   the most influential/ ruling/ imposing model Dominant Paradigm A mass communicat...

THEODORE M.NEWCOMB (July 24, 1903)  A great pioneer in the field of social psychology .  Merely 50 years he worked for the improve...

Aristotle’s Communication Model “ Aristotle’s Model of Communication ”  is the the earliest mass communication model...

Normative Theory- Press Theory This theory explains the expected operation of media under the prevailing set of  political and economi...